Showing posts with label Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15. Show all posts

Saturday, 17 November 2018

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, Chinese and Korean users

The MiG-15 was widely exported, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) receiving in 1950 an amount of Mikoyan-MiG-15. In fact, it saw action first during the closing stages of the late period of the Chinese civil war, at the opening months of 1950.
During the early part of 1950, the Chinese Nationalist Air Force was attacking Chinese Communist positions in mainland China from their bases in Taiwan, concentrating their efforts specially on the Shanghai region.
That's why Mao Zedong requested military aid from the USSR, and therefore the 50th IAD (Fighter Regiment) which was equipped with the earlier version of the MiG-15 was deployed in the southern region of mainland China. Shortly later the first aerial victory was achieved when a MiG-15 shot down a Nationalist P-38 Lightning on 28th April 1950 and shortly later, on 11th May, Cpt. Ilya I. Schinkarenko shot down the B-24 Liberator commanded by Li Chao Hua, who was the commander of the Nationalist 8th Air Group.
Later, from late June 1950 the first jet-against-jet dogfights took place in the Korean war where the MiG-15 with its swept wing proved superior to the first generation of the western powers which had straight-wings, like the F-80 Shooting Star or the Gloster Meteor. They also proved to be superior to the piston-powered fighters like the P-51 or the F-4 Corsair. The first jet-to-jet dogfight in history was won by First Lieutenant Semyon F. Fyodorovich Khominich when he shot down the F-80C of Frank Sickle who died in the dogfight, although the official USAF credits the loss to North Korean flak.
When the People's Republic of China entered the Korean war, after having formed the People's Volunteer Army, whose Air Corps was equipped with the MiG-15 which showed as a very unpleasant surprise for the United Nations pilots and against the F-80 and Gloster Meteors. Only until the F-86 came in, the MiG-15 had a worthy contender.
Some Soviet units flew the MiG-15 in North Korean colours (whose Air Force, equipped with a mixture of vintage World War II Soviet and captured Japanese aircraft like the Yakovlev Yak-9P was almost destroyed on the ground). The 324th IAD, which was comprised of two regiments, the 176th GIAP and 196th IAP were rebased to airfield along the Yalu river in late 1950 where they engaged many UN forces.










Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Volunteer_Army
3. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

Thursday, 13 September 2018

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 - Czechoslovak & Polish users (Aero/Letov S-102 & WSK Mielec Lim-1)

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 served both with the Czechoslovak Air Force and with the Polish Air and Air Defence Forces of Country.

  • Czechoslovakia: When the Czechoslovak Army was reformed after the 1948 communist Coup d'Etat, the country was supplied with Soviet fighters, mainly MiG and Lavochkin La-7s among some other bombers. They received licenses to manufacture the MiGs locally. They equipped their main fighter squadrons alongside with the locally-built variants.
  • Poland: In 1951 the Polish Air and Air Defence Force received some MiG-15, together with a manufacturing license. They equipped the main Polish fighter squadrons and served together the locally produced variants.
The Czechoslovakians produced the MiG-15 under two firms, Rudý Letov, in Prague, which manufactured them from 6th November 1951 until July 1953 when their license was revoked and was passed on to Aero Vodochody, in Odolena Voda, close to Prague too. Between 1951 and July 1953 Letov manufactured 160 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15s under the designation of Letov S-102. 
When Aero overtook overtook the production of the MiG-15 in July 1953, the MiG-15 was already being replaced in the USSR by the MiG-17 which a more refined version of the MiG-15 and they only manufactured it until 1954. However, during that period, they manufactured 661 MiG-15s under the designation of Aero S-102.
As by the mid 1950s there were many outdated MiG-15s in Czechoslovakia, the Czechoslovak government ordered a ground-attack conversion of many MiG-15s to the Letecké opravny Kbely s.p. in the Czechoslovak city of Kbely in 1958. Threfore, this company reinforced the wings of the standard MiG-15 to arm them with either LR-130 rocket launchers (plus external fuel tanks), LR-55 rockets or OFAB-100 bombs. One-hundred and fifty-four of them were converted from 1958 until the early 1960s. They were assigned to ground-support squadrons of the Czechoslovak Air Force during the early 1960s when they were replaced by better ground-attack types. 
The Polish license-built MiG-15s were manufactured by Wytwórnia Sprzetu Komunikacyjnego No.1, at the Polish city of Mielec commonly known as WSK-Mielec. They received the manufacturing license in 1951 and kept manufacturing them until 1st September 1954 when they switched production (also under license) toward the MiG-15bis. The Polish-built MiG-15s received the denomination of Lim-1 and 227 of them were manufactured. They served alongside the Polish MiG-15/Lim-2 (the Polish version of the MiG-15bis) in the main fighter squadrons of the Polish Air Force of the early-to-mid 1950s until they were replaced by the MiG-17.










Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15
2. https://forum.valka.cz/topic/view/53179
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechoslovak_Air_Force
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_Air_Force
5. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

Tuesday, 11 September 2018

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, Various European users

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 was used by every European member of the Warsaw Pact. As both Poland and Czechoslovakia manufactured them separatedly, we will cover them in other post.


  • Albania: Back when the Albanian Air Force was created in April 1951, they received some outdated Yakovlev Yak-9 and, on 15th May 1955, they received second-hand MiG-15 that had been used in the Korean War. They were replaced by the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17.
  • Bulgaria: When the Bulgarian People's Army Air Force was re-established just after the World War two, they were equipped with propeller driven Soviet aircrafts like the Ilyushin Il-2, Ilysuhin Il-10 or the Tupolev Tu-2. In 1954 they were withdrawn as, since 1951 they had been receiving jet aircrafts like the MiG-15 which remained in service until they were replaced by the MiG-17.
  • East-Germany: In the beginning of 1953, one MiG-15 was delivered to the East-German KVP-Luft (Kasernierten Volkspolizei - Air Garrisoned Police) which was the predecessor of the East Germany Air Force. They flew under Soviet colours, but, shortly after, on 17th June, they were taken back by Soviet authorities.
  • Hungary: Just like every surrounding countries, the MiG-15 was the first jet fighter to operate with the newly created Hungarian People's Air Force during the early 1950s. They were replaced by the MiG-17 during late 1950s. As we couldn't find graphical evidence of the regular MiG-15 in Hungarian colours, the drawing should be considered as speculative.
  • Romania: The Air Force of the People's Republic of Romania received MiG-15 in 1952 which served alongside the MiG-15bis and the MiG-17 until 1958, when they were replaced. The drawing should be considered as speculative as graphical evidence of the regular MiG-15 under Romanian colours seems to be nearly impossible.
  • USSR: The MiG-15 was the backbone of the Soviet Air Force. It was in service since its introduction in 1949 and served alongside the improved MiG-15bis with the main Soviet Air Force units. It was produced from 1949 until 1953 in various Soviet factories and a total number of 1344 exemplars were manufactured in Soviet soil only at factories in Saratov, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Komsomoslk-on-Amur and Kuybyshev. Most of them were gradually replaced by the MiG-17 when it was introduced in 1952.









Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Forces_of_the_National_People%27s_Army
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force
7. https://forum.valka.cz/topic/view/53179
8. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

Thursday, 6 September 2018

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, Algerian and Egyptian users

Preliminary note: We are considering the MiG-15 as a separate aircraft from the MiG-15bis. 
The first version of the MiG-15 was exported to many countries, among them Algeria and Egypt.

  • Algeria: When Algeria became independent in 1962 and the Algerian Air Force was formed, they received ex-Egyptian MiG-15, MiG-15bis and MiG-15UTI as a gift. Given their obsolescence, the MiG-15 was used as an advanced trainer.
  • Egypt: In 1955, after four years of negotiations, the Egyptian government closed a trade agreement with Czechoslovakia as they were determined to move away from reliance of British armaments. Initially they were an unknown number of regular MiG-15, which served in the No.20 Squadron of the Royal Egyptian Air Force and, apparently some of them were employed during the Suez Crisis in 1956.









Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algerian_Air_Force
3. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters