Showing posts with label Albania 1960-1969. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Albania 1960-1969. Show all posts

Thursday, 17 September 2020

Shenyang F-6, Albanian and American Users

The Shenyang J-6/F-6 is the Chinese-built version of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19. The denomination of 'J-6' is used for those machines built and serving in China, while the denomination of 'F-6' is used for the exported machines. It has been exported to various countries, among them, the following ones:

  • Albania: When Albania broke diplomatic relations with the USSR in 1962, the country went into a self-imposed political isolation with China being their only ally. Therefore, in 1965, after just six years of operations, the MiG-19PMs that operated with the 7594th Fighter Regiment were shipped to China (as China wanted to know about Soviet radar technology which they couldn't acquire firsthand) and were traded back for 12 new but radarless and cannon-armed Shenyang F-6 fighters.
    Eventually, 17 F-6s were delivered some of them being, according to some sources, the Shenyang F-6C version which has a braking parachute at the base of the rudder and the JJ-6/FT-6 version which is the two-seater trainer variant.
    Albania's relationship with China also deteriorated in 1978 and, hence, spares supplies were cut off. Facing the serious problem of a total unserviceability the Albanian Air Force had to start manufacturing vital airframe components and engine parts at the Aviation Maintenance Unit in Kucovë Air Base at Berat.
    According to Euromil, the Albanian Air Force had 24 Shenyang F-6 in service in as late as 1995. However, by early 2000s they were all written off except for the FT-6 trainers.
  • United States of America: There is no evidence of any Shenyang F-6 flying with the United States Air Force. However, the US Aviation Museum had an unarmed F-6A (Shenyang's equivalent to the MiG-19P) with fake markings reminiscent of the People's Liberation Army Air Force at Chino, California.
    This aircraft was later repainted mimicking the Egyptian camouflage pattern and was given Egyptian markings and codes too. 









Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenyang_J-6
2. Midland Publishing - Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19. The Soviet Union's First Production Supersonic Fighter
3. https://www.valka.cz/Sen-jang-J-6-kod-NATO-Farmer-t42341
4. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

Saturday, 11 January 2020

Shenyang J-5A

The Shenyang J-5/F-5 for exports is the Chinese copy of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17PF. This variant was equipped with a version of the RP-5 Izumrud radar located at the nose. It was powered by an WP-5 engine, which was itself a Chinese copy of the Klimov VK-1 and could deliver up to 5730 lb of thrust power, 7450 lb with afterburner. It was armed with three 23 mm Type-23-I cannon, which was also another copy of the Soviet NR-23. The first aircraft was manufactured on 11th November 1964 and, since then around 300 aircraft were manufactured by Chengdu Emei Machinery Factory in Chengdu, China until 1969 when production ceased. That's why in some sources, the J-5 is named as "Chengdu J-5A".
The J-5A served with the People's Liberation Army Air Force for a long period of time, in fact when its successor, the Shenyang J-6 (a Chinese licensed copy of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19) was phased out, the J-5A was still in active status. The type was also exported to Albania where most likely it served for a long period of time from the 1960s until the 1990s when they were put into storage and sold at an auction in 2016.










Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenyang_J-5
2. https://www.valka.cz/topic/view/80748
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force
4. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

Thursday, 26 December 2019

Shenyang J-5, various users

The Shenyang J-5 was used not just by North Vietnam, but by many other countries all around the globe.

  • Somalia: Many F-5s were serving with the Somalian Air Corps and were lost in 1977 during the Ogaden War. 
  • Sudan: The Sudanese Air Force received some F-5s, together with some MiG-17s, after achieving independence in the mid-1950s. They were mainly used for ground attack missions against rebels with limited air defences. 
  • Tanzania: It's known that the Tanzanian Air Force used F-5s for ground attack missions during the Uganda-Tanzania War in 1977-1978. They were bought shortly after independence in 1961. 
  • Zimbabwe: Some of the first fighters in the Zimbabwe Air Force were F-5s which were piloted by Pakistani pilots. They were acquired in the 1970s, after having declared independence and nowadays they're not in the active role no more. As we couldn't find pictures of the F-5 under Zimbabwean use, the drawing should be considered as speculative.
  • Albania: After the Soviet-Albanian split in 1961, the Albanian government sought for new military suppliers, so they turned their heads to China, who sold them loads of armament during the 1960s. Among the first military aid sold to Albania there were F-5 jets. They were kept in active use wheel until April 1999 when they were deployed in the north against the Yugoslav Air Incursion. The role of the F-5 was relatively unsuccessful due to its subsonic speed, and the aircraft were soon relegated once the Shenyang F-6 (the Chinese version of the Soviet MiG-19) was available, so the F-5 was put into storage.
  • United States of America: In the 1980s the United States bought a number of J-5 aircraft, together with some FT-2 trainers from China via the Combat Core Certification Professionals Company. Those aircraft were used in a "mobile threat" test program at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, operated by the 4477th "Red Hats" Test and Evaluation Squadron of the United States Air Force. Now are believed to be in storage.









Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shenyang_J-5
2. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

Thursday, 7 March 2019

Shenyang JJ-2/FT-2

The Shenyang JJ-2 (called Shenyang FT-2 when exported) was a Chinese copy of the Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15UTI.
It was one of the first locally-built jet aircrafts and all of them were built at the State-owned Factory No.112 in the city of Shenyang, located at the coastal province of Liaoning, in Manchuria. Production started in 1953 and continued well until the very late 1950s as an unknown amount of them were manufactured. Just like its original, it was powered by the Chinese copy of the Klimov RD-45F which delivered a thrust of 5005lb (22.26Kn) and was down-armed with just one 12.7mm (0.5in) UBK-E machine gun.
It served with the next air forces:

  • Albania: During the late 1960s, when the Soviet-Albanian relations collapsed, Albania turned to China for military supplies and they were sold many Shenyang JJ-2 which served as the main Albanian trainer from the mid-1960s well until the 1990s when the communism fell. 
  • China: As we said previously, the JJ-2 was the backbone of the People's Liberation Army Air Force's training squadrons and flying schools. It served at least until 1966 when the Chengdu JJ-5 (a trainer version of the MiG-17) started to roll out from the factories.
  • Pakistan: The Pakistani Air Force bought some FT-2s in 1967 to equip their training and school squadrons. They served until the 1970s when they were gradually replaced by the FT-5 and, in many cases, served alongside them (the trainer version of the MiG-17 designated like that for export).
  • Sudan: After their independence and the creation of their air force, the Sudanese government switched mainly to USSR and China for new aircrafts. Therefore the Shenyang FT-2 became their main trainer aircraft from 1968 until it was replaced by the Shenyang FT-5 in the late 1970s which is still in active use nowadays.
  • Tanzania: During the late 1960s the Shenyang FT-2 was the first trainer aircraft that served in the Tanzanian Air Force, together with the more advanced FT-5, which is still in active service, although it's storaged.









Sources:
1. https://forum.valka.cz/topic/view/22676
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudanese_Air_Force
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania_Air_Force_Command