Thursday 8 March 2018

Curtiss O-52 Owl

The Curtiss O-52 Owl was an American observation aircraft which was used by the United States Army Air Corps and some others just before the American entry into World War 2.
It was developed in 1939 and it was the last 'heavy' observation aircraft developed for the USAAC as the concept of an observation aircraft with two seats dated back to the World War 1 and, in 1940 the USAAC ordered 203 O-52s for observation duties. However, by 1941 it was already outdated and was no match for modern combat aircrafts.
Just after delivery, it was used in military maneouvers with the USAAC, but after America's entry into World War 2, it was deemed as outdated by the USAAF, specially for operations in overseas areas, therefore, it was relegated to courier duties within the USA and short-range anti-submarine patrols over the gulf of Mexico and Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Apparently it was used briefly in the frontline in the battle of Luzon, in Philippines during Japanese offensives in 1941-1942.
It was the last "O" type aircraft manufactured for the USAAC and, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour, that designation was discontinued and was replaced by the "L" series for liaison type.
It seems that the Brazilian Air Force adquired some of them in 1942 but they remained there and weren't sent to Europe with the Brazilian Expeditionary Force. However, as we couldn't find any proof of this aircraft serving with Brazil, the drawing should be considered as speculative.
It was powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-51 radial engine which yielded a power amount of 600hp (447Kw) and was armed with a single forward-firing Browning 0.3in (7.62mm) machine-gun and another one in defensive position.
In November 1942 the USSR ordered 30 O-52s through the lend-lease programme with 26 of them being shipped but with just 19 of them being actually delivered as seven of them were lost in the Arctic Convoy Route. Of those 19, only 10 of them were accepted into service and were used operationally for artillery fire spotting and general photographic and observation duties in north and central areas of the Eastern Front during spring-summer 1943 with one of them being shot-down by the Luftwaffe. It was generally disliked by Soviet pilots, although some of them were still active during early 1950s with the Aerogeologiya organization which was a branch of the Soviet ministry for Geology that performed aerial geological surveys, specially in the vast Siberian region.











Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtiss_O-52_Owl
2. https://www.sas1946.com/main/index.php?topic=26029.0

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