Wednesday, 10 July 2024

Supermarine Spitfire. American Users, part seven. The Spitfire in USAAF service. Part three, some more USAAF squadrons.

 
The Supermarine Spitfire was also employed by the USAAF in the following squadrons:
  • 2nd Fighter Squadron: This formation operated the Spitfire in England, Algeria, French Morocco, Sicily, and the Allied advance into Italy where, in August 1944 they were replaced by the P-51 Mustang.
  • 4th Fighter Squadron: This unit was relocated from the Third Air Force to the Eighth, where, while stationed in Belfast, they were equipped with the Spitfire and, shortly later, were assigned to the Twelfth Air Force in late 1942 to take part in Operation Torch and the Allied advance through Morocco and Algeria and the Tunisian campaign during the first half of 1943. 
    In July 1943 they saw action during the Allied Invasion of Sicily and, in October, they took part in the Liberation of Corsica. Then they were rebased to the Italian mainland, where they replaced the Spitfires with P-51 Mustangs. 
  • 5th Fighter Squadron: This squadron was deployed to the European Theatre of Operations (ETO) in August 1942 and had to replace their P-39s with Spitfires (and both pilots and mechanics undergo an intensive formation training course for two months) and, during the fall of 1942 they flew some escort missions for the B-17 and the B-24. 
    They were assigned to the Twelfth Air Force and took part in the advances on Algerian and Tunisia and, later, the Invasion of Sicily and mainland Italy, where they replaced the Spitfires with P-51 Mustangs as they needed longer range fighters to escort bombers operating in the Balkans. 
  • 14th Photographic Squadron: This unit was trained with the Spitfire Mk.V fighter in July 1943 and, shortly later, it was equipped with the PR.XI (a photo-reconnaissance variant of the Spitfire). From August 1943 until April 1945 they flew the Spitfire PR.XI over mainland Europe, including the first Spitfire recon mission over Berlin in March 1944. The PR.XI was only replaced by a recon-variant of the P-51 after the war in Europe was over in May 1945.
  • 308th Fighter Squadron: This formation was deployed to the European Theatre of Operations in June 1942, but had to replace their P-39s and P-40s with Spitfires as they were deemed inadequate for the ETO. This delayed their entry into action for two months, as both pilots and mechanics had to undergo an intensive course on the Spitfire, so they didn't see any action until 18th august 1942 when they attacked German positions on occupied France. 
    They were assigned to the Twelfth Air Force and rebased to Gibraltar to take part in Operation Torch and the Allied advances through Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. They took part in the Invasion of Sicily in July 1943 and continued to provide aerial support fo the Allied Fifth Army in their advance northwards through the Italian mainland. As they had to escort bombers to attack Axis oilfields in the Balkans, they replaced the Spitfire with the P-51 Mustang in the summer of 1944.
  • 334th Fighter Squadron: This squadron flew the Spitfire from their arrival at England until they were replaced by the P-47 Thunderbolt in 1943. They were always part of the Eighth Air Force.














Sources:
1st https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2nd_Fighter_Training_Squadron
2nd https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_Fighter_Squadron
3rd https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th_Flying_Training_Squadron
4th https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Fighter_Squadron
5th https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/308th_Fighter_Squadron
6th https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/334th_Fighter_Squadron

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