Tuesday, 25 February 2020

Airspeed Envoy, part four

The Airspeed Envoy was a British light, twin-engined transport aircraft designed and built by Airspeed Ltd.
It was used during the Spanish Civil War by both sides as ten of them were acquired by the Republicans.
The first one, arrived to Barcelona in early August 1936 and was later used in the front of Aragon as a bomber and reconnaissance aircraft. Two more arrived later in August but one was destroyed and the other one, piloted by Fernando Rein Loring (a famous pilot in Spain back then) defected to the nationalists becoming the personal aircraft of General Emilio Mola (one of the four main Generals in the nationalist side). It crashed later by flying into a mountain in June 1937 killing all its crew and passengers. Oddly enough, this aircraft had been the demonstrator for Airspeed.
In total, some sources claim that the total amount of Envoys that took part in the Spanish Civil War, was sixteen. However, that number seems too high.
Most of them (at least seven machines) were imported into Spain via the Air Pyrénneés. This airline was founded by the autonomous Basque Government in November 1936 which, after the occupation in September of the province of Gipuzkoa by the nationalist forces, the border with France was cut, so, in order to keep a link from Bilbao (the city headquarter of the Basque Republican forces in the north) with France, and considering that any communication was only possible via sea or by air, Air Pyréneés was founded and officially started operations in February 1937 covering the air-route Bilbao-Bayonne. One Envoy, registered as F-APPQ was shot down by nationalist aircraft over the Basque Country on 26th May 1937 injuring its pilot, Auguste Amestoy.
Once the Basque province of Biscay fell into the nationalists, most of the aircraft of the airline flew into Republican controlled territory like Valencia and with the French Air Ministry official protest (the airline's main office was in Bayonne, France), the company was dissolved in May 1938. All of their machines were pressed into service with LAPE (Líneas Aéreas Postales Españolas - Spanish Postal Airlines) and, like every other Envoy, were mainly used for VIP transport duties.
The machine registered as EC-AGE and another unidentified one survived the war and were taken over by the Spanish Ejército del Aire (Spanish Air Force), where they were re-registered with the code of "41-3" and "41-4" in late 1939. In 1945 they were re-coded as "L.11" and flew with the Spanish Air Force until well into 1947.










Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy
2. https://www.lasegundaguerra.com/viewtopic.php?t=14768 (translated)
3. http://britishaviation-ptp.com/airspeed_as6.html
4. https://www.ab-ix.co.uk/pdfs/airspeed_prewar.pdf
5. https://aeropinakes.com/wordpress/1937/08/17/la-aerolinea-de-la-republica-de-euzkadi/ (translated)
6. https://ianasagasti.blogs.com/mi_blog/2019/11/air-pyrénées-la-aerolínea-de-euzkadi.html (translated)
7. http://bioold.science.ku.dk/drnash/model/spain/did.html
8. http://www.aviationcorner.net/gallery_en.asp?aircraft_type=Airspeed%20AS.6%20Envoy&aircraft_type_id=2306 (translated)

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