Thursday 6 June 2019

Supermarine Walrus, part five

We would like to start this post honouring the 75th anniversary of D-Day. 
The first Seagull V was delivered to the Royal Australian Air Force in 1935 and the last one in 1937. They served on board the HMAS Australia (D84), HMAS Canberra (D33), HMAS Sydney (D48), HMAS Perth (D29) and HMAS Hobart (D63), some of which were drawn and posted in the previous post.
The Walrus was started to be delivered to the RAF in 1936 with the first example being assigned to the Royal Navy's New Zealand division, on board the HMS Achilles. The Town-class light-cruisers carried two Walruses each during the early part of the war. The Walruses were also present on board of York and County-class heavy cruisers as well as on board some battleships such as HMS Warspite (03) and HMS Rodney (29). They were also present in other type of ships like the monitor HMS Terror (I03) and the seaplane tender HMS Albatross.
When the World War II started, the Walrus was in widespread use. Even if its main role was gunnery spotter for ship's guns, they only acted twice in this role: When Walruses from HMS Renown (72) and HMS Manchester (15) were launched in the Battle of Cape Spartivento on 27th November 1940, and when a Walrus from HMS Gloucester (62) was launched in the Battle of Cape Matapan on 27-29th March 1941. In this last case, the main purpose of the ship-based aircrafts was to patrol for axis submarines and surface-raiders and, by March 1941, some Walruses were being deployed with Air-to-Surface-Vessel radars (ASV) to assist in this. Earlier, during the Norwegian campaing in April 1940 and East African Campaign from June 1940 to November 1941 the Walruses were also employed in a very limited use bombing and strafing shore targets. In August 1940 a Walrus launched from HMAS Hobart bombed and machine-gunned an Italian headquarters at Zeila, in Somalia. By 1943 catapult-launched aircrafts were being deemed as obsolete, as their role at sea was taken-over by improved radar and a hangar and catapult took much valuable space on a warship. Anyway, Walruses kept flying from Royal Navy carriers for air-to-sea rescue and general communications tasks, as their low landing speeds meant that they could make a carrier landing in spite of not having flaps or tailhook.









Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermarine_Walrus
2. https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=588
3. Hall Park Books - Warpaint 39 - Supermarine Walrus

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