Saturday 4 August 2018

Messerschmitt Bf.110C, German users, part three

The Messerschmitt Bf.110C served through all early war campaigns of Poland, Norway and France. Its primary weakness was its lack of agility, which was exposed during the Battle of Britain, when some units were withdrawn from the frontline and redeployed as night fighters, where it proved itself to be very well suited for.
It started its operational history during the Polish Campaign when Hermann Göring ordered the Zerstörerwaffe to make all the Bf.110 available for operations. Many of the Bf.110's future aces scored their first kill during this campaign where the Bf.110's belonging to the I(Z)./LG.1 were employed mainly as escorts for the bombers on their attacks against Warsaw.
Later, during the period called the "Phoney War", most of the Luftwaffe's units committed to defend Germany's western border, were equipped with Bf.109s except for one unit, the LG.1, which on 23rd November 1939 claimed their first aerial victory by shoting down a French Morane-Saulnier MS.406 over Verdun. Three weeks later, on 18th December 1939 the Bf.110s took part on Luftwaffe's first aerial victory against British forces when a formation of 22 Vickers Wellington was sent to attack German naval base of Wilhelmshaven and the Bf.110 showed its power as a bomber destroyer by destroying at least 11 Wellingtons plus an unconfirmed one. The disastrous result of the raid convinced RAF's bombing command of abandoning day raids in favour of the night ones.
The next major involvement of the Bf.110C was during the Operation Weserübung, the invasion of Denmark and Norway in April 1940 with two Zerstörergeschwader, 1 and 76, taking part in the operation. The Bf.110 practically destroyed the whole Royal Danish Air Force with strafing attacks at Vaerlose air base on 9th April with 25 aircraft destroyed.
Shortly later, during the Norway invasion, they helped to seize the Oslo-Fornebu airport by escorting the Junkers Ju.52 transports carrying paratroops, where they were engaged by several Norwegian Gloster Gladiators and anti-air fire, with a total of four aircraft destroyed, two per each side. During that battle, the Bf.110's ground support proved decissive for the troops to take that vital airport.
The Zerstörerwaffe performed well also against British bombers when on 13th June 1940 a squadron of Blackburn Skua was intercepted trying to reach the German Battleship Scharnhorst off the Norwegian coast with a score of 8 Skuas down in just 8 minutes. Later, on 9th July the RAF raided the base of Stavanger with 12 Bristol Blenheim and they were entirely shot down by a mixed force of Bf.109 and Bf.110 belonging to the JG.77 and the ZG.76 respectively.










Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_110_operational_history
2. https://forum.valka.cz/topic/view/13901
3. Salamander Books - The Complete Book of Fighters

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