Tuesday, 18 August 2020

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19, Egyptian users

In 1956 the Egyptian Air Force took a serious blow when Anglo-French forces destroyed the Egyptian Air Force on the ground. That's why when it was being rebuilt, in the summer of 1961 the USSR began delivering 80 MiG-19S. Some other sources, however, claim that deliveries began in 1958 and, by June 1962 there were already 100 MiG-19S serving. However those reports seem erroneous for various reasons.
Egypt was still nominally part of the United Arab Republic, however the united air arm did not manage to take any profit from this and, in September 1961 the United Arab Republic ceased to exist, even if the name was still being officially used by Egypt.
A number of MiG-19S (40 according to some sources, some of them being Czechoslovak made S.105) were sent to the Syrian Air Force before 1967.
The first action in the Middle-East of the MiG-19S took place in 1962 when Egyptian MiGs attacked Yemeni Royalist positions. The first aerial combat in the region took place 4 years later, on 29th November 1966 when an Israeli Dassault Mirage III shot down two Egyptian MiG-19Ss which were trying to intercept an Israeli Piper J-3 Cub reconnaissance airplane in Israeli airspace. The first MiG was destroyed by a R.530 missile fired from less than a mille away, making the first aerial kill for the French made missile, while the second one was shot down with the cannon, in the traditional way.
During the Six-Day War in June 1967 the MiG-19 Egyptian force was decimated as 17 aircraft were destroyed on the ground by Israeli Air Force and another 12 were shot down by Israeli Dassault Mirage IIICJs. Those number include the ones supplied to Syria. During this conflict, the Israeli pilots considered the MiG-19 as a potential dangerous adversary due to its performance, manoeuvrability and heavy armament.
After the war, the surviving MiG-19s were assigned to air defence tasks in Egypt's interior regions and, according to some sources, the Egyptian Air Force received 50 or 60 more MiG-19s from the USSR after the war as attrition replacements, however, according to some other sources, those aircraft were received from Syria and Iraq and by late 1968 there were more than 80 MiG-19s in service with the Egyptian Air Force.
During the period known as War of Attrition (1967-1970), on 19th May 1969, a single Egyptian MiG-19S engaged two Israeli Mirages shooting one down with cannon fire and making the other one flee. By the time the Yom Kippur War was waged in 1973 there were around 60 MiG-19S active with the Egyptian Air Force and they were used in the close air support role.
Some of the original Russian MiGs were used until as late as 1985.










Sources:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-19#Middle_East
2. Midland Publishing - Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19. The Soviet Union's First Production Supersonic Fighter

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